F01 - Dual-Center Retrospective Review of 204 Transfusions in Camelids

Abstract:

Background: Transfusions in camelid species are performed without evidence-based guidelines for both prevention and treatment of disease. Safe and recommended practices for administering blood products with minimal risk of reactions are needed. Hypothesis/

Objectives: To describe the indications for, methods of, and outcomes associated with transfusions in camelids. To identify risk factors for transfusion reactions and non-survival; to evaluate the change in blood proteins with plasma transfusions. Animals: Two hundred and four transfusions performed in 169 camelids.

Methods: A dual-center retrospective review of medical records from 2010 to 2024. Signalment, indication for transfusion, pre- and post-transfusion bloodwork values, administration of pre-medication, presence of transfusion reactions, and survival to discharge were reviewed. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, a generalized linear model, and linear regression.

Results: Presence of transfusion reactions resulted in a lower probability of survival to discharge (P = .048). Animals less than 1 day of age had a greater probability of survival compared to patients >1 year of age (P = .046). There was no statistically significant difference in probability of a transfusion reaction with respect to administration of pre-medication, rate of transfusion administration, or previous transfusions (P > .10). Administration of plasma resulted in a statistically significant increase in total protein, albumin, and globulin levels (P ≤ .003). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The use of pre-medications for the sole purpose of preventing or limiting transfusion reactions is likely not justified. Having received prior transfusions does not significantly affect the future risk of a transfusion reaction.