Doctor Veterinary Teaching Hospital of China Agricultural University Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)
Abstract: Background- Canine splenic tumors are frequently encountered in small animal clinical practice and certain portion of patients have short survival( < 2 weeks). Hypothesis/Objectives- The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical behavior of splenic tumors in dogs, and to explore the underlying causes causing short survival. Animals- 54 eligible canine splenic tumor cases were collected from the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of China Agricultural University from 2020 to 2024. Methods- The clinical records were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical presentation, clinicopathological abnormalities, treatment, and histopathology results were recorded. Results- Hemangiosarcoma (72.2%), liposarcoma (7.4%), and lymphoma (5.6%) were the most common types of splenic neoplastic tumors. 41.2% of the neoplastic disease patients had metastasis disease at diagnosis, 15.7% had lung metastasis and 33.3%(17/51) had abdominal metastasis. 18.5%(10/54) of neoplastic splenic tumor patients survived less than 14 days. Thrombocytopenia, hemoabdomen, decreased hematocrit, diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma were associated with an increase in the probability that the patient had short survival, but the influence were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The overall three-month, half-year, and one-year survival rates of affected dogs were 50.0%(21/42), 33.3%(13/39), and 23.1%(9/39), respectively. For those who didn't have metastasis disease at diagnosis, the one-year survival rate was 42.9%(9/21). Conclusions and Clinical Importance- Certain amount of patients didn’t survived the first two weeks after surgery, further studies are warranted to investigate the potential cause. The overall prognosis of dogs with splenic tumors was guarded , but for cases without metastasis at diagnosis, the prognosis was good.
